Module backoff 

Shared exponential backoff calculations.

This module owns only mechanical delay arithmetic. Callers retain the policy for retryability, cancellation, reset conditions, and observability.

Functions

apply_jitter

Applies an explicit percentage to a delay, saturating at Duration::MAX.

cap_delay

Applies a hard upper bound to a delay.

exponential_delay

Calculates an uncapped exponential delay for a zero-based retry index.

randomized_jitter

Applies a sampled percentage using the default thread-local random generator.